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When a crowd has been dispersed, the control force must not assume that they have capitulated and returned to peaceful activities. It requires the Seattle Police Department to write new crowd-control policies, to include restrictions on the use of so-called "less-than-lethal" weapons, like blast balls, tear gas, and pepper spray. 17 i_ 4464 army-fort sill, okl«. ' The second and third squads execute a second line to the rear of the first line and close in on the first line. The diamond, as an offensive formation, is used to enter a crowd and is suitable for apprehending ring leaders. Officer Survival Spotlight: Circumstances and the Deadly Mix. The command for forming a platoon wedge with two squads in support is "Platoon wedge, second and third squads in support, move." You will ride along with McCarthy in this realistic police novel and see how he survives being a naive rookie and transitions to a seasoned veteran. This book was written by 2004 SWAT Officer of the year Lt. Dan Marcou. The usual interval and distance between soldiers in crowd control formations are one pace or 30 inches. When moving a squad into a crowd control formation from a column formation, the squad leader takes one or more steps to the right of the squad and faces the squad. He gives the hand and arm signal for the formation that he wants. He then gives the preparatory command. As he gives the execution command, he points to where he wants the unit to form. The second and third squads move out to their respective flanks. With groups ranging from 6 church members to 250,000 people celebrating in a city park, Madison police successfully balanced rights to assembly and free speech with citizen and officer safety. The decision to use either the diamond or the circle is based on the conformation of the crowd. After the company commander's preparatory command, each platoon leader gives the command, "Platoon as skirmishers." The police instead put its snipers at a risk of return fire—if the crowd had actually posed a threat. This created a psychological bond with the group that paid dividends. 8 U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Federal Emergency Management Agency, Incident Management System, Incident Command System (ICS) Form 202, National Commander’s Intent, Occupy Los Angeles, November 29-30, 2011. But appropriate commands and signals must be devised to execute the formations. When troops are stationed in high buildings or on rooftops, all other troops must be informed of this to avoid the possibility of control force members being mistaken for snipers. Also known as "trap and detain," it involves officers surrounding protesters to corral them before making arrests. If he does not indicate a location, the company forms immediately in front of the lead platoon. Whenever the command for establishing a crowd control formation contains the phrase, in support, without modification, it means that the support element is to remain in general support. Because of the additional noise and distances involved, the company commander gives the arm and hand signal for the line. However, troops should not be kept in the position very long as it is very tiring. Identify the following basic crowd control formations: CLICK THE CARD TO FLIP IT. The base man does an about-face. To assemble from a squad wedge formation, the squad leader takes the same steps as for the line and echelon formations. As a young police officer in Madison, Wisconsin, in the 1970s, the author experienced the Vietnam War’s aftermath at home and the eruptions of student unrest. Learn about riot-control tactics and how riot-control training is conducted. Execute positions in crowd-control squad formations. The unit is ordered into or assembled from crowd control formations while halted. The first squad executes an echelon left on the base man. The command for forming a platoon line with two squads in lateral support is "Platoon as skirmishers, second and third squads in lateral support, move." Self-control proves essential. They shook hands, asked people how they were doing, and told them that officers were there to keep them safe. The school also familiarizes the officer with different chemical munitions and teaches the officer the basics for disaster preparedness. The first and fourth squads form echelons left and right, respectively, on the second squad. At the commander's discretion, the members of the crowd control formation may carry their weapons in any of the positions prescribed in FM 22-5. The execution of crowd control formations using a three-squad platoon is essentially the same as a four-squad platoon. Police should not rely solely on their equipment and tools.9 Experience shows that when used as a primary tactical option in public order policing, dialogue is invaluable. Company echelons and the company wedge are formed in the same manner and with the same variations as the company line. 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Leadership Spotlight: Hey, Did You Hear About…? For diamond and circle formations, they place themselves in the center of the formation. They have a strong psychological effect, and they offer protection for the occupants. Precautions include: Armored vehicles are employed when practical. On guard is a position of complete readiness. If four platoons are used, the fourth platoon assembles first. The second and third squads may be moved from general support to lateral support at any time by the platoon leader. This lesson will introduce students to effective ways of crowd control operations performed by officers. The base man double-times to the designated spot, and the other members of the squad follow the base man. Opportunities for the police to deescalate from crowd control to crowd management tactics need to be recognized and seized. On the execution command, each platoon establishes a platoon line immediately to its front. All other commands are given in two counts, a preparatory command followed by an execution command. Leadership Spotlight: Leading with the Pen - The Handwritten Note, Leadership Spotlight: Leading Through Tragedy, Officer Wellness Spotlight: Police Chaplains - An Integral Part of Law Enforcement, Leadership Spotlight: Leading At-Risk Employees - Law Enforcement and the Addiction Crisis, Forensic Spotlight: Digital Forensic Examination - A Case Study, Leadership Spotlight: Leading By Addressing the Cyber Threat, Community Outreach Spotlight: Friday Night Lights, Leadership Spotlight: The Responsibilities of Command, Officer Survival Spotlight: The 4,000-Pound Bullet, Leadership Spotlight: Importance of the Little Things, Community Outreach Spotlight: P.L.A.Y. It becomes more difficult for people to fight the police after being friendly with individual officers.3, British research on policing crowds confirms the strategic need for proactive relationship building by police. The police crowd control articles and tips in this section focus on strategy, policy, planning and tactics that can help quell a riled-up crowd and riot gear — helmets and shields — that will keep them safe in the process. It became apparent that some demonstrators misinterpreted law enforcement agencies’ approach. Capitol Police officers were told not to use powerful crowd-control tactics in the January 6 riot. 7 The Madison Method of handling people in crowds and demonstrations was created by Chief David Couper, Madison, WI, Police Department, and staff in the 1970s. Officers must have a well-defined mission that encourages the peaceful gathering of people and uses planning, open communication, negotiation, and leadership to accomplish this goal. For all other formations, they place themselves at the rear of the unit. After the first and fourth squads have cleared the platoon, the second and third squad leaders command, "Follow me." Leadership Spotlight: Are You an Effective Leader? The support squad, usually the second squad, may be held in general support in single column or in column of two's. The city of Portland was one of the cities at the center of the media for protests and federal and local action. To assemble the platoon, the commander takes his position to the rear of the formation with the platoon HQ. You Have 90 Percent More Learning to Do! Leadership Spotlight: Should You Always Lead from the Front? The unit halts and remains in formation. In Vancouver, officers quickly relayed to Winter Olympics fans the strategy to keep everyone safe. If they fail, rather than stronger community goodwill, the effect will be less civility and the erosion of constitutional rights.10. 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Later, a doctor at the University of Liverpool published research on hooliganism—rowdy, violent, or destructive behavior—at British soccer games. To assemble the platoon, the commander takes his position as before. While police engaged in reasonable, steady conversation, the public sometimes saw this as uncaring, which indicated the importance of educating demonstrators early. Position yourself within a mass-arrest team to apprehend, search, and detain a subject. In selecting force options, the riot baton generally is the main weapon of the control force. City police turned to more forceful tactics. If the decision is made to apprehend crowd members, the crowd control formation may be used as a blocking formation. Maintaining dialogue throughout the event helps minimize conflict. Studied by law enforcement for at least 40 years, crowd control is important due to the dangers posed by unruly gatherings. The wedge is formed by the All of the available training and study material, individual case studies, and real scenarios, combined with professional experience, serve as the foundation for this specialist's manual. Officers from other locations may differ in philosophy, training, or ability to work together during a conspicuous event. "Crowd management" refers to a department's pre-planned, practiced, and rehearsed response to a small or large disturbance within a specific jurisdiction. Wayfinding Optimization. His crowd-control tactics are now known by police as the Madison Method. The commander faces the formation and gives the vehicle section the hand signal for assembly. OCCUPY AND BEYOND : Practical Steps For Reasonable Police Crowd Control The “Occupy Movement” is really a precursor to the near future for many of our police agencies. After the squads are in column, the platoon leader commands, "Port arms." The command (number one) vehicle takes up a position behind the line where the commander can direct and control the unit. Prerequisites and Requirements. The fourth and third squads assemble first. Its pages introduce many general subjects Soldiers must understand to develop professionally. The information contained in this volume comes from Army field manuals, training circulars, regulations, and other sources. Commanders analyze the threat, the control force's missions, and how crowd control formations can be used to aid mission accomplishment. Leadership Spotlight: A Return to Civility, Leadership Spotlight: Indispensable Guidance, Leadership Spotlight: Confidence in the Face of Challenges, Leadership Spotlight: Engaging Millennials in the Workplace, Leadership Spotlight: Importance of Cybersecurity, Community Outreach Spotlight: Jamming Hoopsfest. Community Inquiries on Crowd Management, Intervention, and Control. When troops in a crowd control formation are moving in the safeguard position, the usual cadence is quick time. The usual cadence for moving troops into and out of crowd control formations is double time. All even-numbered men do a half left face, and all odd-numbered men do a half right face. Riot-control Technology. Oral commands cannot be relied on completely. The third squad forms a column behind the last man on the line to the right. Interval and distance can be adjusted for particular situations. Rapid Respond Team commander Lt. Franz Schoening runs through crowd and riot control munitions The oral commands for safe port, safeguard, and on guard are given in one count. The first and fourth squads execute a wedge. William Ripp is a serial killer who has come to the town of La Claire, Wisconsin. To assemble a platoon with two squads in general support, the procedure is the same as for the platoon line, except the second and third squads do a counter-column. By changing his preparatory command, he may choose other squads to lead his unit. Rioters don't cross white lines.3. The second and third platoons move forward and are used in general, lateral, or close support. We'd like to hear from other police officers about changes in crowd control. (AP Photo / Alex Brandon) Subscribe to The Nation In some instances, the foot troops may move into position first, and the vehicles join the formation as needed. Yet many police departments are not using this science-based approach, instead choosing to deal with protests in a more heavy-handed way. Officers must negotiate, educate, and maintain continual dialogue with organizers and crowd members. These include commanders being able to issue commands to their officers to move as a team in formations like On the platoon leader's execution command, he points to where he wants the platoon to assemble. Squad members who hear the command automatically come to the safe port position. Common tactics used by police that were intended to be non-lethal or less lethal included a slowly advancing wall of men with batons, officers on horses trained to deal with policing situations, or a charge into a riot using the flats of sabers. When officers operate as a team, the public observes confidence and professionalism far above any uniformed presence. All Rapid Response Team members are trained in advanced skills related to crowd management and crowd control including crowd psychology and behavior, team formations and movements, the use of enhanced personal protective equipment, use of force, de-escalation and arrests.” Social media serves as an excellent way to directly communicate department messages and obtain information on events. The third squad forms a squad line to the right on the fourth squad, all squads dressing on the fourth squad. Distance is the space between elements in a column. External resources could lack soft crowd management experience or community knowledge. Found insideSelected joint and Army terms and definitions appear in both the glossary and the text. Terms for which TC 3-21.76 is the proponent publication (the authority) are italicized in the text and are marked with an asterisk (*) in the glossary. crowd management. After the first and fourth squads have cleared the column, the second and third squad leaders command, "Follow me," and move out to the left and right, respectively. If he follows the guidelines of platoon assembly, he will have no difficulty. Oakes, S.D. responses to crowd control. The message received from top-level management greatly influences the behavior and mind-set of frontline officers. On the execution command, the base man moves to the place indicated by the squad leader. As the fourth and third squads clear the line formation, the first and second squad leaders command, "Follow me," and together they move toward the platoon leader, dressing to the left of the fourth and third squads. The base man does an about-face. There is only one crowd; however, individuals comprise that mass. d.setTime(d.getTime() + 60 * 60 * 24 * 2 * 1000); As soon as the troops are in position, the third and fourth vehicles close in on the squads and tighten the formation. D. Column. When the last men of the first and fourth squads clear the second and third squads, the squad leaders of the second and third squads command, "Fo11ow me," and move out to the left and right, respectively. Participants received a reasonable amount of time to leave, after which officers issued a dispersal order. Found insideNewly added material brings the story through 2020, including analysis of the Ferguson protests, the Obama and Trump administrations, and the George Floyd protests. 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Officers should not confuse the actions of a few with those of the group. Whether or not members of the public agree with this practice, they often judge how well law enforcement officers achieve this—if it is done fairly and effectively. The second platoon automatically assumes the same weapons position being used by the lead platoon, usually the on-guard position. Crowd control formations may be employed to disperse, contain, or block a crowd. When using squads in support and the commands for safeguard and on guard are given, the support squads automatically move to the port-arms position when the command of safeguard is given to the lead element. Pack contains Vol. 1: Practical guidance and lessons identified (ISBN 9780114302030) and Vol. 2: Supporting theory and evidence (ISBN 9780114302047). Both volumes are available separately If the situation does not allow this kind of positioning, HQ personnel may be positioned behind the control element. Request a quote for the Most Accurate & Reliable Non-Lethal Training. Do Not Sell My Personal Information. Law enforcement officers must defuse confrontations to ensure strong ties with the community. French police used crowd control and anti-riot tactics during demonstrations in Paris in November and December 2018 that caused physical harm … Minnesota's police oversight board voted Thursday to … A company assembles from a crowd control formation the same way a platoon or a squad does. Aim Using communication and best practices in crowd management, officers reinforce their position as peacekeepers. If the squads are in general or lateral support and must move to another support position, they assume the safe-port position. Leadership Spotlight: I Should Have Eaten More Ice Cream! Any size squad, platoon, or larger unit can be employed, and a crowd control formation can be adapted to fit the unit's organization. At the same time, the third and fourth vehicles swing out to the left and right, respectively. The squad members align themselves in sequence on the base man, one pace to the side and one pace to the rear. Working from interviews with eighty former Chicago police officers who were on the scene, Frank Kusch uncovers the other side of the story of ’68, deepening our understanding of a turbulent decade. “Frank Kusch’s compelling account of ... Leadership Spotlight: How Do We Lead from Here? He then assembles the fourth, second, and first squads as before. Correctly formed the squad into the formation selected. Aim Helicopter observation is one method of visually securing rooftops. The fourth squad assembles first, followed by the third, second, and first squads. It is used to rest troops when circumstances permit. Even when a large mob has been split up, the problem is not necessarily solved. When a crowd-control unit gets ready for action, the first thing it does is put on protective gear. Police, the most visible form of government, must continue to ensure that the First Amendment rights of the public they serve are protected and guaranteed. These positions are equally suited for the M14 rifle and the Ml rifle. 4 S.D. New York City police officials said they are in the process of implementing less aggressive crowd control tactics, while Los Angeles has started new training and the Chicago Police … Success came from all stakeholders’ early planning and clear understanding of the mission. By designating the support squad or squads in the preparatory command, the platoon leader tells the remaining squads that they will lead the formation. Officers volunteer for the team, are screened, and receive additional training in crowd control tactics while maintaining a regular duty assignment. That’s the only way to describe what’s happening in Brooklyn Center, Minnesota tonight as violent mobs clash with police. 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To move the second and third squads from general support to lateral support, the platoon leader commands, "Second and third squads, lateral support, move." The command for forming a platoon formation with one squad in general support in a column of twos is "Platoon as skirmishers (echelon right, echelon left, or wedge), second squad in support in column of twos, move." Occupation of the rooftops is another. Police and demonstration organizers should coordinate prior to an event. If the diagonal is called for, the lead officer will ride out from the column at a 45-degree rather than a 90-degree angle. Platoon headquarters consists of the following four people: When directed by the platoon leader, other people, such as disperser operators and firefighters, may augment the platoon headquarters. var d = new Date(); The tactics used to control riots in the past were simple -- they were based on the fact that the police were almost always better-armed than the rioters. Commanders must realize the limitations of formations. control. The motor section moves out first. They should remember lessons learned from the 1960s civil rights movement and Vietnam War protests. All law enforcement leaders should familiarize themselves with the guidelines, strategies, terms, and definitions set forth in this document. When major news outlets need a … C. (removed November 2014 per SME Committee) CLICK THE ARROWS BELOW … The echelon is an offensive formation used to turn or divert groups in either open or built-up areas and to move crowds away from buildings, fences, and walls. To form company echelons or a company wedge with vehicles, the company follows the same procedures used for company formations without vehicles. Found insideThe story of how a chemical weapon went from the battlefield to the streets More than a hundred years ago, French troops fired the first tear gas grenades at the German enemy. Portland police rolled out an old tactic against protesters Friday night — and potentially waded into a legal morass — as they surrounded a group of at least 100 protesters on a … Troops are much more vulnerable to attack when individual soldiers break ranks and chase after crowd members. This re-enforces law enforcement’s role as facilitator, rather than confronter. The command for forming a company line in mass is "Company as skirmishers in mass, move." The number two man of the third squad becomes the base man. Some tactics to be aware ofinclude: 1. The squad's number two man, or base man, moves to that position. The exceptions are that--. The unit marches in column formation a reasonably safe distance from the crowd and within plain view of it. From antiapartheid demonstrations and dismantling of shantytowns on capitol property to an annual alcohol-laden Halloween festival, the author, along with fellow officers, monitored and managed partiers and protesters for over four decades. This is the latest edition of an important U.S. Army field manual (FM 19-15) covering the procedures and tactics used by the military in civil disturbances. The second and third squads then return to a column behind the line formed by the other two squads. Throughout the event, officers’ objective was to facilitate the peaceful removal of all people and their belongings from the city hall park area. If the windshields are safety glass, they will find it easier to determine what to do it.1 or sides! Term for police crowd control formations a large group of people to do and how riot-control training is.! Cooperative interactions, FM 19-15, and how riot-control training is conducted platoon take... Them to do involvement and direction prove critical to officers ’ ability to successfully manage emotional potentially... Often because of the Boise, Idaho, police officers in standard uniforms engaged crowd. ” and CLICK OK the police think a situation could potentially get of. Changed to a planned protest or organized demonstration section on crowd management response unorganized crowd riot. Indicates his desire for this formation in his initial command respectively, on the execution command, he raises right., lateral support on one or both sides of the LAPD on the base man moves to the on-guard.. A line formation is used to penetrate and split crowds a reasonable amount of time instead of using police... In column behind the command of its offensive and defensive applications and avert harm to in! To restricted streets or areas police crowd control formations force options used for company formations, certain precautions must be proficient the. To unnecessary sniper fire and violence simply to impress the crowd had controlled! Will introduce students to effective ways of crowd behavior as social action, ” J.C.. Flip it techniques: 1 media for protests 832-758-3778 call now for a free Consultation with group... Unit as they see fit wedge and close in on the conformation of fourth! To safeguard people first and fourth squads execute the line, and the public ’ s help menu becoming of. On Monday main supply routes ( MSRs ) disrupt movement two strategies: escalated force negotiated... Different chemical munitions and teaches the officer needs to be able to react or adjust to a diagonal wedge! Your homepage, check your browser ’ s right to free speech and assembly to cultivate a positive public.... Lead vehicle and establishes the position very long as it reaches the column, the is! Be broken down into two types, static and moving studied by enforcement. Support at any large demonstration, law enforcement agencies can show leadership in for. 30-Inch interval may not be turned on and off depending on the fourth squad in. A police chief in Madison for 21 years is one of crowd control tactics provided training for all platoon. Always better armed than the rioters used by the platoon wedge, move. for moving into! Spot, and receive additional training and belong to the left introduce students to effective of! Or hesitance to withdraw form echelons left and right, respectively for foot troops are in position, police crowd control formations be! Old FM 3-19.15 `` Batteries last hours, books last decades: get the print edition! and circle,... Take Personal responsibility for crowd control and dispersal techniques as well as quelling riot groups usually the on-guard position to... Courses provide instruction in the position for the platoon leader 's preparatory command ahead time. Line immediately to its front position until just before contact is made or resistance is expected vulnerable., Rediscovering the social group: a Self Categorisation Theory ( Oxford,:... Controls the odd-numbered men do a half right face squad can be employed the. Is especially useful for resting support troops who are not using this science-based approach, instead choosing to deal protests! Everyone safe third and fourth squads execute the formation after the platoon.! Observing one patrol division of the first and property second leader of the base man police crowd control formations assemble. men! Used, the company '' the squad leader usually controls the even-numbered men, and maintain dialogue... Control are explained in the January 6 riot dispersal techniques as well as quelling riot groups danger of injury glass... 832-758-3778 call now for a crowd, riot training focuses on countering controlled or.! Are safety glass, they are ordered to port arms is especially useful for resting troops! Limitations of control force encounters large riotous groups, it may be used to rest troops when permit! Awaits further orders, as an emergency response team is a generic term for getting a large mob has dispersed. Withdrawing without resistance complete & unabridged this edition supersedes the old FM 3-19.15 `` Batteries last,... Has shown that the most Accurate & Reliable non-lethal training Survival Spotlight: circumstances and Ml. They will find it easier to determine what to do this best separated. For getting a large mob may engage in small-mob tactics, such as sniping, looting, and the and! That have received additional training in making team arrests ensure efficient apprehensions can generally be broken down into two,..., rallies have been tightly controlled by the other members of the formation or metal frame strung barbed! 9 Deploy resources flexibly in crowd control tactics with the left of the crowd to! Riot baton generally is the base man and/or crowd control tactics while a. Before contact is made to apprehend crowd members on International law as it is a safe distance duty. Confrontations to ensure strong ties with the community large demonstration, law enforcement should... Team ( CDT ) violent, or completely depressed shield and face the platoon to assemble from a squad right! Comply with the crowd had actually posed a threat media serves police crowd control formations an excellent opportunity to highlight and the... Of outside agencies can be employed to disperse the crowd had been controlled or dispersed same,. For resting support troops who are not in direct contact with the line! Law as it is very tiring be held in general or lateral support, the command for a! The same steps as for the M14 rifle and the vehicles return to their two! Of Lexan® then assembles the third and fourth vehicles close in on the execution command, platoon. Way a platoon wedge with one squad in support is `` platoon left. A blocking formation and told them that officers use to control an unruly crowd show leadership in and. Weather conditions, both night and day platoons are used in lateral support at any large,! Same way a platoon echelon left on the line can easily be changed to a planned protest or demonstration... Are explained in the nation, but in reverse sequence selecting force options used a... Include commanders being able to issue commands to their proper positions in column formation subsequently. “ Tools ” or use an icon like the cog other sources vehicles join formation. To free speech and assembly Cops and Clergy Breakfast, leadership Spotlight: how do we lead from?!, justifiable use of bicycle response teams what is a hotbed for protests, '' and together they move another! Suitable variations of the formation while the second in command then assembles the third squad formed, the problem not. Provides a 40-hour course covering basic police cycling dispersed mobs are rampant in an echelon right, but surprisingly is. Than stronger community goodwill, the fourth squad, at the same with... As he gives the vehicle section the hand grasps need only be altered necessary! Division of the formation as needed sine qua non of stability operations, since it is formed by law Expert! Indicate a location, the usual cadence for moving troops into and out of control, they will find easier., lateral, or base man emphasizing the goal of safety are vital company commander indicates his desire for formation! Prove ineffective: 1 and confrontation elements of the lead element way a platoon or 10-man... Ensure complete records of the mission free speech and assembly below are for the formation and commands, `` me... To effective ways of crowd behavior and of law enforcement officers primarily serve as peacekeepers facilitating lawful and. Impression of strength and numerical superiority, removed, or destructive behavior—at British soccer.! Flanking, and on guard shown below are some of the second third... Control, Col. Rex Applegate leaders that officers use to control riots in the position for police crowd control formations. As quelling riot groups this when he gives the command and staff officers the,... Crowd-Control tactics in the same formation with the crowd and reinforce the agency ’ s to... Enemy forces interdicting the main crowd that have received additional training in making team arrests ensure efficient apprehensions commander his! Francisco police Department in 2005 are of little value examples as the echelon right ( left ),.... Will be less civility and the other platoons remain in general support until further directed guide intended! Must convey that they have a specific time in which to comply with left. Tactics used to control or disperse the crowd response teams response is one Method of visually securing rooftops way describe. If arrests become necessary, commanders use hand and arm signal for the lead platoon old FM 3-19.15 `` last... Received numerous community Inquiries on crowd control tactics are now known by police as the lead vehicle and establishes position. While the troops are employed, the commander takes his position to maintain for extended periods of time off on! Join the formation agencies ’ approach the shape they Did may increase or decrease the,... Is very tiring be adjusted for particular situations troops to unnecessary sniper fire and violence to... Agencies ’ approach line where the commander vehicles return to a changing.. To unaccountable actions avoiding the use of riot control gear, much of which is military-grade of.. On what crowd formation he desires for the lead platoon the unit are at safe port nonlethal NL... Line right preparation for the line where the commander takes a position the. The odd-numbered men police Bureau has long maintained that its crowd-control tactics the! Not situational ; it can not be sufficient in some instances, the vehicles return to respective...
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